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Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. This article possibly contains original research. This article’s lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents. By 1819, the Baltic provinces were the first in the Russian Empire in which serfdom was abolished, the largely autonomous nobility allowing the peasants to own their own land or move to the cities.
During World War I, between the retreating Russian and advancing German troops on 24 February 1918 the Salvation Committee of the Estonian National Council Maapäev issued the Estonian Declaration of Independence. Russian Civil War, was the Republic of Estonia’s struggle for sovereignty in the aftermath of World War I and the Russian Revolution of 1917. The war ended in 1920 with Estonia’s victory over Russia. The Treaty of Tartu was a peace treaty between Estonia and Russian SFSR signed on 2 February 1920 ending the Estonian War of Independence. Estonia’s sovereignty and renounced any and all territorial claims on Estonia. Moscow and not to their domestic constituencies.
During the struggle Soviet foreign policy drifted. On 1 December 1924, Comintern conducted an attempted communist coup in Estonia. The fate of the relations between USSR and Republic of Estonia before World War II was decided by the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact and its Secret Additional Protocol of August 1939. 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland. 18 September, Orzeł incident, the Polish submarine escaped from internment in Tallinn and eventually made her way to the United Kingdom, Estonia’s neutrality was questioned by the Soviet Union and Germany.
On 24 September 1939, warships of the Red Navy appeared off Estonian ports, Soviet bombers began a threatening patrol over Tallinn and the nearby countryside. In light of the Orzeł incident, the Moscow press and radio started violently attacking Estonia as “hostile” to the Soviet Union. It was declared: the Pact “should not affect” the “economic systems and state organizations” of USSR and Estonia. On 14 June, the Soviet military blockade of Estonia took effect. Two Soviet bombers downed a Finnish passenger airplane Kaleva flying from Tallinn to Helsinki and carrying three diplomatic pouches from the U. On 16 June 1940, the Soviet Union invaded Estonia.
